Image by Ginger Vieira
Fitness is more than just calorie counting. If so, advising on nutrition tips won’t be rewarding as it deemed to be. Our health depends on our food choices, entirely. As sugar is widely associated with fat gain, surely you would think diet soda is a solution because the label says ‘zero calories’. It sounds idealistic that we can experience the same great taste without feeling any guilt.
The Blind Side We’re Seeing
Manufacturers
spend a fortune for the publicity of diet soft drinks emphasizing the optimism
that they are the healthier choice to sugar sweetened drinks because they have no
calories. Well, news flash! They aren’t.
Image Credit: Shutterstock / pedrosala
But
we can’t blame them, they’re businesses after all. Apparently, they appear to disturb the
body's ability to count calories and, consequently, making your perfectly
planned meal be the cause of weight gain.
Diet Soda Vs Regular Soda
Diet
sodas use artificial
sweeteners in their formulas. It’s
immensely popular in people with diabetes as they pose little effect on blood
glucose levels. It pays to check the carbohydrate amount in the labels
if you’re uncertain or just trying a new fizzy drink.
Why is Diet Soda Dubbed ‘for Diabetes’
Because diabetics
can’t produce sufficient insulin to break down sugar, glucose might deposit and
accumulate in the blood and begin to damage their organs particularly the
kidneys and eyes.
Image Credit: istockphoto.com / icafreitas
When artificial
sweeteners are invented, diabetics rejoiced. Finally, they can enjoy
sweet-tasting foods without blood sugar spikes. They lived to tell the tale,
quite literally.
The brain, gut flora, and pancreas process
artificial and real sugars differently. This makes it harder for the body to
digest the real sugars it needs to function well.
How Taste Sense Receptors Welcome Empty Calories
Artificial sweeteners stimulate a broader area
of taste buds (including bitter sensory sites) than does sugar. To offset this,
the base formula must be altered, thereby, lessening this effect. For example,
saccharine has a bitter taste. It must be revamped to mask the bitterness.
It is
known that sweet foods bind to sensors in our mouth. These sweet-taste
receptors relay message to the brain indicating you’re eating sweets. Recent
discoveries found these sensors exist in other body parts (e.g., in bladder, lungs and bones). Evidently, the effects of artificial
sweeteners would be even more troublesome since it affects many of our organs.
Dysregulation of Metabolic Pathways
Eating
something sweet signals the brain and stomach for digestion of incoming
calories. When the expected calories intake doesn’t come, like in artificial
sweeteners, the metabolic responses won’t be triggered as much.
There will be no insulin to counter glucose;
no hormones for fullness and satisfaction; and no reward (dopamine) for the
brain from the sweetness encountered. This means fat burning capability is
impaired and you’ll feel hungry most of the time, resulting in overeating (and
choosing foods sweeter than what you perceive as ‘sweetest.’)
People who
routinely use artificial sweeteners may start to find less intensely sweet
foods, such as fruit, less appealing and unsweet foods, such as vegetables,
downright unpalatable.
“After
a while it's like the mouth keeps
crying wolf, and the brain and
gut stop listening. As a result, when real sugar and real calories come along,
the body doesn't respond to them as strongly as it normally might. Calories
don't end up making you feel as full as they should. They aren't as rewarding.
So you don't get the signals that might stop you from eating when you should,”
said Susan Swithers, professor of behavioral
neuroscience at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind.
It's much like Pavlov’s operant conditioning.
Image Credit: Verywell / Joshua Seong
Interestingly, sweetness has the highest taste recognition
threshold (harder to stimulate and satisfy) while bitterness has the lowest
detection threshold (easier to stimulate and satisfy).
Drinking
diet drinks daily was linked with 36% higher risk for metabolic syndrome. We must recognize that it is not sure that artificial
sweeteners will not increase the burden of metabolic diseases.
Artificially Sweetened Drinks
Ruin Your Pancreas and Gut Bacteria
Frequent eating of
sweets improves the brain’s tolerance and craving for sweetness. Therefore, you
will want to eat more sweets for your
brain to recognize sweetness and calories (energy).
Diet sodas rework the
body’s ability to process real sugar, through changes in the gut bacteria and
insulin levels.
Sugar transfers
from digestive track into the bloodstream, increasing our blood sugar levels.
The pancreas secretes hormones, one of them is insulin, into the blood to control
your blood sugar levels. It’s like a factory that transforms sugars into anything
the body can use, and the factory decelerates upon receiving the empty calories
from artificial sweetener.
Addiction to diet
sodas may then lead to abnormal pancreas functioning and insulin levels, together
with disruption of your metabolism, putting you at risk for diseases like Type 2 diabetes.
Artificial sweeteners induce changes to the microbiome
(flora), the collection of microbes and their genetic material that live within
our bodies, majority in the intestines.
Image by That Sugar Movement
More than 100 trillion bacteria living in your digestive
system, supporting metabolic control.
They are masterminds in processing sugar and carbs, determining the calorie
count to be absorbed from foods, and regulating hunger and appetite. Also, they
play a crucial role in monitoring the chemicals that affect our mood from time
to time (neurotransmitters).
The
gut flora’s ability to break down real sugars downgrades upon frequent
interacting with artificial sweeteners, which release toxic substances. Why should you care? This reduces the amount of nutrients that are absorbed from food we eat.
You might not get the essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals, even
when you do eat healthy foods in the right amounts.
Addictive Tendencies
Do you think you
can leave and break your relationship with diet drinks that easily? You can’t
count it, sweetie. Animal studies suggest that artificial sweeteners may be addictive.
Artificial sweeteners are
typically 200 to 600 times sweeter than
sugar. And both of them are
addictive. So you might argue, Are artificial sweeteners far more addictive
than sugars?
Diet Sodas Make You Gain Weight
There was an observed
trend that people having less healthy diet have a higher tendency to drink diet
sodas. Does this mean unhealthy habits lead to unhealthier food choices? The
problem is more psychological, isn’t it?
Belly fat gain was most noticeable in people who were already
overweight. "People who are already at cardiometabolic risk because they
have higher BMIs are really in double or
triple jeopardy," says Dr. Helen Hazuda, professor of medicine at the
University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio.
Apparently,
more artificial sweetener you consume, the more fat will be accumulated in your
system.
Cells that constitute our
fat stores have glucose transporters (protein helping glucose get inside cells,
like their mouth) called GLUT4 embedded on their surface. They are present
in your skeletal muscles, adipocytes and heart. Munching on sugar means you’re stuffing
these cells more glucose resulting in accumulated fat that becomes larger and
takes more space.
Image by Zhabska T.
For instance, the
artificial sweetener sucralose, which is commonly found in diet drinks, mobilizes
more GLUT4 biomolecules into the surface that are made available to promote the
creation and storage of fat.
A study found that diet soda intake is directly
related to abdominal obesity in adults over age 65. The increase in waist
circumference among diet soda drinkers was three times the amount that it was
in non-drinkers.
Any Diet Soda Substitutes for Weight Loss?
Natural sweeteners, which
are based on fruit extracts, are getting popular in the market. Examples of
these are stevia and monk fruit. They have more vitamins, minerals and
antioxidants than non-nutritive sweeteners.
However, it’s too early to
say whether they provide safer option than artificial sweeteners or whether
they, too, encourage obesity. Reportedly, even natural sweeteners can lead to
health problems including tooth decay, weight gain, poor nutrition and
increased triglycerides.
Unhealthy Habits Lead to Unhealthier Habits
Loyalists to
artificial sweeteners may get lost calories from other sources, says Dr. David
Ludwig, a specialist on weight loss and obesity at Boston Children’s Hospital. Often,
we say silly statements like “I’m drinking diet soda, so it’s okay to have
cake.”
Credit to Pinclipart
Aside from lowering blood sugar, insulin reduces appetite. Because
artificial sweeteners impair insulin production, your appetite is increased. You
might shake your head to satisfying and adequately nutritious foods while you nod
on foods as sweet but of little nutritional value.
Which Foods Have Artificial Sweeteners?
Artificial
sweeteners are also ingredients in certain processed foods, including:
·
Powdered drink mixes
·
Coffee mixes or when in cans
·
Baked goods
·
Candy and gum
·
Puddings
·
Canned foods
·
Jams and jellies, gelatins
·
Dairy products
·
Sports and energy drinks
·
Ketchup
·
Salad dressing
Diet Soda and Diabetes (Type 2)
Subjects
in the San Antonio Heart Study who drank more than 21 diet drinks per week were twice as
likely to become overweight or obese as people who didn’t drink diet soda.
Good things often come with heavy price. Daily treats of diet
drinks are linked to 67% increased risk for type 2 diabetes. Aren’t cardiovascular diseases the reason why you’re
counting calories?
A
French study proved
this risk may even be higher to diet soda fans than to people drinking the
sugary versions.
It is not yet clear whether diet soft drinks were the root
cause of type 2 diabetes.
Diet Soda and Cardiovascular Disease
One recent study of American College of Cardiology concluded that regular consumption of sugary
drinks and artificially sweetened drinks (typically once a day) are linked to high risk of first incident cardiovascular disease (defined as
stroke, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, acute coronary
syndrome and angioplasty).
Diet Soda: Effects on Brain
Diet sodas are among the worst enemies of your mind. It turns
out drinking diet soda regularly nearly triples your risk of developing stroke
or dementia (compared to drinking less than one per week). This is intelligence
from a study from Boston University School of Medicine. Something
noteworthy is that the researchers conducted a parallel study and found that your
sugary soft drinks are not as high to stroke or dementia, but you won’t be
spared from fat accumulation.
Image by American Heart Association
News
“… smaller brain volumes,... poorer memory function and... smaller hippocampus, which is an area of the brain important for memory
consolidation,” said Matthew Pase, lead researcher.
Pase’s first study on the subject concluded drinking
one diet soda a day shrinks your brain volume. Evidences
of poorer
episodic memory and shrunken hippocampus are also found. These three are risk
factors for early-stage Alzheimer’s disease.
“There
clearly is a relationship between your heart health and your brain health,”
said Keith Fargo, director of scientific programs for the Alzheimer's
Association.
The nasty
culprits also mess up brain activity. Reportedly, sucralose, compared to
regular sugar, decreases
activity in the amygdala, a part of the brain involved
with taste perception and the eating experience.
Another
study revealed that long-term and too much indulgence can lower
activity in the brain's "caudate head," a communication region of the reward pathway and is vital for producing
the feeling of satisfaction. This tempts you to compensate for the lack of
pleasure by seeking other foods (most likely unhealthy).
Researchers tracked the trend but was unable to prove
that drinking artificial drinks was the root cause of the diseases.
Other Conditions Linked to Diet Soda
There
are also other effects brought by zero calorie drinks that are bad for you:
- Accelerated aging
- Depression
- Kidney damage
- Increased risk of heart attack
Ways to Cut from Addiction
Here
are some strategies to vanquish your
attachment to sugars and anything sweet from Ted Kallmyer, an ISSA Certified Specialist in Fitness
Nutrition, Certified Fitness Trainer, and Healthy Eater’s author. I can’t promise you it will be easy but we
need immediate action.
1.
Before drinking
that glass of soda, drink a glass of water.
2.
Track consumption,
and reduce little by little.
3.
Go from 12 oz cans
to the 7.5 oz cans.
4.
Chilled water
dispenser, ice, and a dash of lemon.
Effects of Cutting Soda Out
It’s been
three years since Tiana Attride, a beauty and style story producing intern at
INSIDER, decided to cut soda out of her life
completely. Here are her remarks:
1. “I lost
weight.”
2. “I saw
a major improvement in my skin.”
3. “My
teeth looked incredible.”
4. “I
craved it less and less.”
5. “I
found delicious alternatives to soda.”
Healthy Alternatives to Your Fizzy Drink
Returning
to your regular sugary sodas is definitely not an option. These are few
alternatives that does the same magic, but with less cravings this time:
1. Sparkling Water
If
there’s one drink you can think of next to diet soda, this is it.
2.
Naturally
Flavored water
Just put slices of your preferred fruits,
veggies, and herbs to your pitcher of ice cold water for a refreshing and
flavorful drink. You may also put chopped fruit in an ice cube tray, add water,
and freeze.
3. Flavored Sparkling Water
Cravings will follow you however far you run from diet sodas.
Satisfy them without feeling guilty afterward. Gradual separation from sweets should
work.
4. Sparkling Water Infusions
Use
fresh fruits, herbs, and even veggies to sweeten and add a few vitamins to your
drink. Be the bartender and and create your own concoction.
5. Freshly Squeezed Lemonade
A
summer favorite, its citrusy and refreshing flavor may be what your tongue needs
to forget the sweetness of diet sodas and reset your sweetness threshold.
6. Kombucha
This
energizing probiotic contains little to no sugar and helps improve gastric
motility.
7. Coconut Water
Swig
potassium carbohydrates for muscle recovery.
8. Red Wine in
Moderation
Enjoy benefits like
improved heart health and decreased risk of certain types of cancer. It
contains many antioxidants that’s helpful in warding off Alzheimer’s Disease.
The National Institutes of Health suggests women to limit alcohol consumption
to one drink (4 ounces of wine) per day and men to two drinks per day.
9. Coffee
“Unsweetened coffee,
either black or with a small amount of nonfat or low-fat milk, would be the
healthiest option,” says Kennedy, RD, staff nutritionist for Everyday Health.
10. The best choice should be water. Just water.
Clearly,
diet sodas are not friendly to your heart, mind, and well-being. Reward from
hard work or relief from stress shouldn’t be in the form of liquid artificial
sweeteners. Leading a healthy lifestyle is beyond calorie counting. It should
be something you can sustain for a lifetime.
Don’t
trade your good health for drinks promising ‘zero calories’. Share this to save
a friend from his sweet tooth, from a cruel fate!
Does coffee make you feel groggy in the morning?